Issues of Implied Trust in Ethical Hacking

Crowdwork involves paid work organised through online platforms. As a relatively new form of employment, a range of issues have emerged around work practices and contractual arrangements between the three parties: task requesters, crowdworkers, and platform owners. In this paper we examine some of the issues associated with workers’ experience of crowdwork that have been raised in recent years. We then outline how the affordances offered by another emerging technology, blockchain, could be used to address some of those issues. Based on a conceptual, scenario-based exercise, we argue that there is considerable potential for blockchain technology to manage the transaction-based aspects of crowdwork processes and contractual arrangements to make them fairer and more transparent, but without necessarily incurring excessive overhead costs. However, despite the claimed “democratizing” effect of blockchain, some structural issues associated with managing work are not likely to be improved by blockchain-based solutions

A New Design Approach and Framework for Elderly Care Robots

A relatively new area within information systems is the design of robotic healthcare. This narrative review considers the question, how does one ethically design an elderly care robot? To answer this question, robot ethicists consider the ethical impact of robots, how designers ought to design robots ethically, and how a robot design ought to be, so its behaviour is ethical. The latter consideration defines another field of study, machine ethics. Machine ethicists ask, how does one design a robot information system to behave ethically? Thus, robot ethics is concerned with the ethics of design practice, whereas machine ethics is concerned with the ethics of the product designed. The findings from this narrative review point the way forward to how one can answer both questions with a new design approach that is grounded in care and professional ethics, value sensitive design, and the integration of two machine ethics schools of thought

Mobile Healthcare Design Research: A Special Issue for Information Systems Researchers

Special Section Editorial - Mobile Decision Support and Analytics for Healthcare: Citizen, Organization, Governmental and Technological Perspective

Optical properties of 3-port-grating coupled cavities

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The importance of school leaders for deploying and integrating ICT in schools: From the perspective of Catholic rural school leaders.

In an era of unprecedented funding in education, a proportion of the billions of dollars being spent will influence the deployment and integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in schools. School leaders will be one of many roles within schools accountable for the effective and efficient use of ICT in these environments. This paper reports the findings of a study to help understand more about the role of school leaders for the deployment and integration of ICT. The study used an online survey of a sample of principals, assistant/associate principal and leaders/head teacher/coordinators who volunteered to participate and then followed up those who agreed to be interviewed to further investigate findings. Analysis used basic statistics and qualitative interpretation to help understand why all participants thought their role was considerably, or critically, important for the integration of technology, but ranged from not important, to critical importance for deployment

A systematic narrative review of literature on Catholic schools in Australia to better understand the role of School Leadership deploying and integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in this environment

Research literature within school education present school leaders with a range of roles deploying and integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Roles range from being critically important for success, being needed but to a lesser extent, through to not being needed at all. Australian Catholic schools operate in the same political and social context as schools from other sectors but assimilate the Catholic mission in what they do. To determine if the role of school leadership deploying and integrating ICT in Australian Catholic schools reflected literature from the broader education environment, this study carried out a systematic narrative literature review of nine recent relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals. None of the studies reviewed were specifically about the role of school leaders deploying and integrating ICT, however, four reasons emerged from further analysis, as to how literature on Catholic schools describe the relationship between school leaders and ICT. Firstly, the relationship is one of many contexts relevant to schools. Secondly, it is one of many contexts of leadership. Thirdly, the relationship may or may not be considered relevant to researchers and subsequently considered, inferred or ignored in research design. Finally, there is ongoing Professional Development (PD) to support teachers deploy and integrate ICT in the classroom, but it is not clear to what extent, if any, is carried out for school leaders. Further questions arising from the study may reflect a greater need to better understand the role of leadership in Australian Catholic schools and influences deploying and integrating ICT

Adherence to ESMO clinical recommendations for prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Background: We assessed adherence to the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO)/Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer recommendations for prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) at our institution. Patients and methods: The charts of 299 patients starting a new chemotherapy between November 2008 and April 2009 were reviewed. Baseline characteristics and prophylaxis of CINV during the first cycle were recorded, and adherence to ESMO recommendations was determined. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to test for predictors of adherence. Results: Prophylaxis of acute CINV was not adherent in 39% of the patients: 39 of 54 patients with low emetogenic chemotherapy had a serotonin antagonist, and 24 of 100 with moderately emetogenic therapy had a neurokinin antagonist. Nevertheless, 71% of the patients treated with highly emetogenic therapy received the guideline-specified prescription. Prophylaxis of delayed CINV was not adherent in 89% of the patients: 101 of 125 patients with highly or moderately emetogenic single-day chemotherapy received a serotonin antagonist. Male gender (odds ratio (OR) 0.484, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.291-0.806; P = 0.005) and hematologic neoplasia (OR 2.151, 95% CI 1.19-3.887; P = 0.011) were independent predictors of non-adherence. Age (OR 0.981, 95% CI 0.964-0.998; P = 0.029) and inpatient treatment (OR 0.457, 95% CI 0.25-0.836; P = 0.011) indicated a lower risk of non-adherence. Conclusion: Contrary to older studies reporting frequent omissions of corticosteroids, the current study demonstrated significant overuse of serotonin antagonists for prophylaxis of delayed CIN

Realization of a monolithic high-reflectivity cavity mirror from a single silicon crystal

We report on the first experimental realization of a high-reflectivity cavity mirror that solely consists of a single silicon crystal. Since no material was added to the crystal, the urgent problem of 'coating thermal noise' that currently limits classical as well as quantum measurements is avoided. Our mirror is based on a surface nanostructure that creates a resonant surface waveguide. In full agreement with a rigorous model we realized a reflectivity of (99.79+/-0.01)% at a wavelength of 1.55 {\mu}m, and achieved a cavity finesse of 2784. We anticipate that our achievement will open the avenue to next generation high-precision experiments targeting fundamental questions of physics.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett., accepte

Evaluation of Telehealth Equipment

The aim of the project was to evaluate the use of Telehealth equipment in the homes of older community-dwelling people, and to review its social and economic impact. A mixed methods approach was adopted, involving interviews, observation and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. The overall impression gained from participants was an enhancement to the self-perceived quality of daily functioning. Less benefit was observed by those who had been self-monitoring previously. The greatest benefit was apparent in those participants where changes in behaviours to prevent an exacerbation of their condition was possible, through either better compliance with medication, or better understanding the impact of medication on their vital signs and what that meant to their daily activities. The economic benefits appear to be linked to that social improvement. A greater focus on specific conditions and the ability to achieve stability in self-management could strengthen the evidence for targeted economic benefits

The conduct of a review

Editorial commen